‘Education’ Archives
The Meaning of Curriculum
The Meaning of Curriculum One beguiling interpretation of the curriculum is to regard it as a personal transaction between a teacher/ trainer and learner. Although that is true in one sense, there is also a broader context in which these transactions occur, a context that is part of the economic, political, and social nature of society. So, to [...]
Expulsion
Expulsion Suspension is the first step toward expulsion. School administrators must recommend expulsion for some offenses. The balance that school administrators must face in final expulsion from school is maintaining the safety of their school campus and denying the educational opportunity of the student being excluded. The risks for the [...]
Educating Youth With Disabilities
Educating Youth With Disabilities Upon a student’s diagnosis with a disability, the school system needs to provide an appropriate education given the specific type of disability and learning needs of the student. Early intervention typically serves children from birth to 3 years old who have been identified as having a disability. Often, [...]
The Military Model of Child Care
The Military Model of Child Care The U.S. military has developed a model of child care that exemplifies the way intensive reform can drastically improve a service such as child care. Before the Military Child Care Act of 1989, the military model of child care was very similar to, and plagued by, the same struggles as current civilian child [...]
High-Conflict Divorces
High-Conflict Divorces Although divorce presents challenges for all children, particular family dynamics associated with high-conflict divorces have been shown to influence child outcomes. How and to what degree of success parents negotiate their continued relationship has been found to have a significant impact on young children’s [...]
Observational Learning
Observational Learning The belief that learning can occur from observing other people’s behavior, and the consequences related to the behavior, is one of the most important principles of social learning theory. Observational learning is an important construct because a vast amount of research has revealed how social modeling can be used to [...]
Metacognition and Learning
Metacognition and Learning Psychologists interested in how individuals learn have devoted much attention to the cognitive processes involved in encoding, storing, and retrieving information of all types, as well as comprehending the complex information with which they are confronted daily. Investigators have examined a variety of cognitive [...]
Media Literacy
Media Literacy Media literacy is the process of critically analyzing media messages and the ability to compose messages using media tools and technologies. Media literacy is defined as an extended conceptualization of literacy, the ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and communicate messages in a wide variety of forms. The term access [...]
English as a Second Language
English as a Second Language English as a second language is English for nonnative speakers. Because it involves learning across the life span, it is sometimes considered to be a subfield of educational psychology. English for nonnative speakers is referred to by several acronyms: ESL (English as a second language), EFL (English as a foreign [...]
EFL
EFL Most of the methods and approaches described previously in this entry can be found in practice somewhere in the world today in EFL settings. Because the goals of learners in these contexts are so diverse, communicative competence is not necessarily the ultimate objective. Thus, reading courses may be all that is required of students in some [...]
