‘Law, Crime and Violance’ Archives
Special Damages
Special Damages Special damages are a subdivision of compensatory damages, those damages that can be claimed by plaintiffs in civil lawsuits to repay them for harms resulting from legal injuries committed by defendants. Some damages are considered so basic to certain types of injuries that they do not have to be listed and described [...]
Pregnancy Disability Act
Pregnancy Disability Act Pregnancy Disability Act is also commonly referred to as the Pregnancy Discrimination Act, or PDA, mandates that pregnancy-related disabilities be treated the same as any other medical disability. Under PDA, discrimination based upon the fact that a woman is pregnant constitutes illegal pregnancy sex discrimination. The [...]
Skinheads
Skinheads The skinhead style is a direct descendant from the mods of the early 1960s. In the early 1960s the mod movement split in two ways. Some mods were attracted to the scene that became known as ‘swinging London’, and their dress became more outlandish and camp. Some of these mods also became involved in the psychedelic rock scene. [...]
Nuclear Terrorism
Nuclear Terrorism Nuclear weapons pose the largest threat because of their immense power of destruction. The technical difficulty and high cost of mounting a nuclear weapons program is a substantial deterrent to a terrorist group unable to obtain, from an existing stockpile, the uranium or plutonium needed to manufacture a nuclear weapon or [...]
Effects of the War on Terrorism on U.S. Domestic Policy
Effects of the War on Terrorism on U.S. Domestic Policy The most immediate domestic effect of the war on terrorism was an increase in security measures across the country. Moves were made almost immediately to shore up airline security to prevent another such atrocity; 14,000 reservists were called to active duty to help guard not only airports [...]
Child Pornography
Child Pornography ‘‘Pornography’’ is a broad term generally applied to sexually graphic content. Prior to the advent of the World Wide Web, pornography appeared in some ‘‘adults only’’ magazines, books, and movies that were usually sold by retail or mail order establishments not widely advertised or readily accessible to the [...]
Maze Prison
Maze Prison The Maze is a high-security prison complex built in the early 1970s. Situated southwest of Belfast, it was constructed to house Irish terrorists, both Republican and Loyalist. From 1976, new inmates were kept in the single-storey H-blocks for which the prison has become famous. Beginning in 1978, some inmates staged both a [...]
Forensic Science
Forensic Science The word forensic is derived from the Latin word forensic— a reference to Roman court forums in which evidence of wrongdoing was presented. Modern use of the term forensics refers to scientific principles and processes that are applied in the analysis of evidence for legal purposes. Alternatively known as criminalistics, [...]
Juries
Juries Groups of laypersons whose primary task is to decide culpability in criminal trials or liability in civil trials. Although the use of the jury is limited (predominantly to cultures with English common law traditions and to cases unresolved through plea bargaining), jury behavior has attracted increasing attention of social psychologists [...]
Sexual Violence
Rape As a criminal offense, rape is typically defined in Western countries as unlawful, i.e., extramarital sexual intercourse with a woman, forcibly and against her will. The problem of rape and other forms of sexual violence against women has received growing attention over the last two decades, both in public awareness and by psychologists of [...]
