‘Psychology’ Archives
Family Relations
Family Relations The social psychology of family relations is largely concerned with the initiation, development, and deterioration of CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS. The nature of these relationships may take many forms but typically involves individuals who view themselves as a unit with a long-term commitment to continue their relationship. [...]
Hans Eysenck
Hans Eysenck Hans Eysenck is a well-known psychologist, based at the University of London. He developed his ‘Eysenck Personality Inventory’ which rates personality on the basis of characteristics such as extroversion—introversion, neuroticism and psychoticism. Directly opposed to and publicly critical of Freudian psychoanalysis, Eysenck [...]
Empathy, Aggression, and Social Competence
Empathy, Aggression, and Social Competence Empathy has been considered as relevant to an understanding of aggression as well as prosocial behavior. Theorists have suggested that people who experience another's pain or distress are likely to restrain from aggression or cease their aggression because of their empathic reactions to the victim's [...]
Empathy
Empathy In the last two decades, empathy and related emotional reactions have received increasing attention from social and developmental psychologists. This is probably because of the strong theoretical link between empathy (and related constructs such as sympathy) and both positive social behavior and social competence. The term empathy has [...]
Embarrassment
Embarrassment An uncomfortable emotional state that occurs in awkward social situations. It is perhaps the most social of all emotions. It always occurs in response to social situations, real or imagined. It requires knowledge of social conventions. It requires mental representation of others' beliefs and evaluations. It is an emotion that [...]
Environmental Psychology
Environmental Psychology This is concerned with the mutual relationship between people and the physical environment; that is, environmental psychologists study how people use, influence, and are influenced by both the built (such as homes, offices, airports, and cities) and natural environments (such as wilderness areas, seashores, parks, and [...]
The Development and Socialization of Empathy and Sympathy
The Development and Socialization of Empathy and Sympathy Empathy and sympathy appear to develop early in life. In the first days of life, infants cry in reaction to the cries of other infants – a behavior that, it has been suggested, is a precursor to empathic responding (although others question whether this is true). Although 6- to [...]
Clinical Psychology
Clinical Psychology A field of allied health that focuses on the interrelationships between mental processes (thoughts and emotions) and behaviors as they relate to mental health and mental illness. A practicing clinical psychologist may have a master’s or a doctoral degree. Psychologists provide counseling and PSYCHOTHERAPY for matters such [...]
Sadomasochism
Sadomasochism The term ‘sadism’ originates with the writings of eighteenth-century French noble the Marquis de Sade, whose 120 Days of Sodom remains a key text. The term ‘masochism’ comes from a nineteenthcentury exponent of the practice, Leopold von Sacher-Masoch; his Venus in Furs was made famous by the rock band Velvet Underground, [...]
Abraham Harold Maslow
Abraham Harold Maslow Maslow was born in Brooklyn, New York, on April 1, 1908, and died from a heart attack in Menlo Park, California, on June 8, 1970. For much of his professional career, he was a faculty member at Brooklyn College and Brandeis University. At Brandeis, he served as chairman of the Department of Psychology; moreover, he was [...]
